Mechanical Activation of Graphite in Air: A Way to Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials

Mechanical Activation of Graphite in Air: A Way to Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials Full article

Journal

Journal of Alloys and Compounds
ISSN: 0925-8388 , E-ISSN: 1873-4669

Output data

Year: 2015, Volume: 646, Pages: 145-154 Pages count : 10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.05.090

Tags

Mechanical alloying, Microstructure, X-ray diffraction, TEM

Authors

Baklanova O.N. ¹ , Drozdov V.A. ¹ , Lavrenov A.V. ¹ , Vasilevich A.V. ¹ , Muromtsev I.V. ¹ , Trenikhin M.V. ¹ , Arbuzov A.B. ¹ , Likholobov V.A. ¹ , Gorbunova O.V. ¹

Affiliations

1	Institute of Hydrocarbons Processing of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 54 Neftezavodskaya Str, 644040 Omsk, Russian Federation

A high-energy planetary mill AGO-2 was used for mechanical activation of synthetic graphite with the particle size of 25–30 lm and specific surface area SBET = 3.0 m2/g in air for 1–60 min at a 100 g acceler- ation of milling bodies. The X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy studies showed that the 60 min mechanical activation of graphite decreases the number of graphene layers in graphite crystallites to 8–12 and induces their turbostratic disorder. The size of graphite particles decreases to 6.9 lm after 30 min of mechanical activation and increases to 12.1 lm when the time of mechanical activation is extended to 60 min. Similar changes are observed for the true density of gra- phite: after 60 min of mechanical activation it becomes equal to 2.48 ???? 103 kg/m3, which is by 10% higher than the true density of graphite not subjected to such treatment. The specific adsorption surface of gra- phite (SBET) reaches its maximum values, 427–460 m2/g, after 7–12 min of mechanical activation. A fur- ther increase in the activation time to 30–60 min decreases SBET of graphite to 230–250 m2/g. Due to attrition of steel milling bodies caused by mechanical activation, iron is accumulated in the sam- ples and its content exceeds 5%. Iron is distributed uniformly in the graphite as the 30–100 and 3–5 nm particles of hematite and iron carbide. The IR spectroscopy study revealed the formation of 0.8 mEq/g of the hydroxyl, phenolic, lactone and carbonyl groups on the graphite surface in the course of mechanical activation.

Baklanova O.N. , Drozdov V.A. , Lavrenov A.V. , Vasilevich A.V. , Muromtsev I.V. , Trenikhin M.V. , Arbuzov A.B. , Likholobov V.A. , Gorbunova O.V.
Mechanical Activation of Graphite in Air: A Way to Advanced Carbon Nanomaterials
Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 2015. V.646. P.145-154. DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.05.090 WOS Scopus РИНЦ OpenAlex

Submitted:	Dec 24, 2014
Accepted:	May 11, 2015
Published online:	May 19, 2015
Published print:	Oct 14, 2015

Web of science:	WOS:000361153700023
Scopus:	2-s2.0-84934950124
Elibrary:	23984879
OpenAlex:	W298315897

DB	Citing
Web of science	13
Scopus	14
OpenAlex	16